Food Allergies
Evidence-based information about common food allergies, their symptoms, diagnosis, and management
Understanding Food Allergies
Food allergies occur when your immune system identifies a specific food protein as harmful and triggers an allergic reaction. These reactions can range from mild discomfort to severe, life-threatening responses.
While any food can potentially cause an allergic reaction, certain foods are responsible for the majority of food allergies. On this site, we provide detailed information about some of the most common food allergens.
Important Note
If you suspect you have a food allergy, consult with an allergist for proper diagnosis before making dietary changes.
Common Food Allergies
Tree Nuts
Allergies to nuts like almonds, walnuts, cashews, and hazelnuts are common and can cause severe reactions.
- Often lifelong allergies
- Cross-reactivity between different nuts
- Can cause anaphylaxis
Shellfish
Allergies to crustaceans like shrimp, crab, and lobster are among the most common food allergies in adults.
- Usually develops in adulthood
- Typically lifelong
- Can cause severe reactions
Sulfites
Sulfites are preservatives that can trigger reactions in sensitive individuals, especially those with asthma.
- Found in wines, dried fruits, and preserved foods
- Can cause respiratory symptoms
- More common in people with asthma
General Allergy Management
While specific management strategies vary by allergy type, some general principles apply to most food allergies:
Avoidance
The primary management strategy is strict avoidance of the allergen. This includes reading food labels carefully and asking about ingredients when dining out.
Emergency Preparedness
People with severe food allergies should carry emergency medication (like epinephrine auto-injectors) and wear medical identification.
Education
Educate yourself, family members, friends, and caregivers about your allergy, how to recognize symptoms, and what to do in an emergency.
Regular Follow-ups
Regular check-ups with an allergist can help monitor your allergy and ensure your management plan remains appropriate.
For more detailed information about managing specific allergies, visit the dedicated pages for each allergen.